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Baram

Other Name: Bar’am, Baram Upper
Religion: Jewish

Archaeological Evidences:

Period: Late Roman and/or Byzantine
Excavation: Excavated
Excavators: Heinrich Kohl and Carl Watzinger (1905), Mordechai Aviam (1998).
Main Finds: Complete southern facade, coins below the floor.
Inscriptions: Aramaic (Naveh 1978: 20-21, CIIP V/1: 153-154).
Site Condition: National park. entrance fee.
General view from the east - Gilead Peli all rights reserved

Geographic Details

Geographical Region: Upper Galilee
8967, ישראל

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Selected Bibliography:

Selected Bibliography
  1. Price, J. J. and Yardeni, A. "Barʿam - CIIP" in Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae. ed. W. Ameling et. al., V/Part 1: Galilaea and Northern Regions, Berlin/Boston, De Gruyter, 2023: 153-154.
  2. Naveh, J. On Stone and Mosaic: the Aramaic and Hebrew Inscriptions from Ancient Synagogues. Tel Aviv, Israel Exploration Society, 1978: 20-21, (Hebrew).
  3. Aviam, M. "The Ancient Synagogues at Bar'am" in Ancient Synagogues Revealed: 1981-2022. ed. L. I. Levine, Z. Weiss, U. Leibner, Jerusalem, Israel Exploration Society, 2023: 3-10.
  4. Aviam, M. "The Ancient Synagogues at Bar’am" in Judaism in Late Antiquity. Where we Stand: Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism. The Special Problem of the Synagogues. ed. A. J. Avery-Peck and J. Neusner, Part 3 Volume 4, Leiden, Brill, 2001: 155-173.
  5. Kohl, H. and Watzinger, C. Antike Synagogen in Galilaea. Leipzig, 1916: 89-100.
  6. Syon, D. "The Bar'am Synagogues: Numismatic Appendix" Michmanim 20, 2007: 43-44, (Hebrew).

Photos:

Photos
General view from the east - Gilead Peli all rights reserved © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Baram General View | General view from the east - Gilead Peli all rights reserved
Central lintel - Gilead Peli all rights reserved © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Central lintel - Gilead Peli all rights reserved
Kohl and Watzinger 1916: Tafel XIII © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Baram- Facade | Kohl and Watzinger 1916: Tafel XIII
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:92 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Eastern Framework of the Synagogue's Porctico | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:92
Kohl and Wazinger 1916:93 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Architrave Fragment from the Portico | Kohl and Wazinger 1916:93
Kohl and Wazinger 1916:94 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Main Entrance of the Synagogue's Facade | Kohl and Wazinger 1916:94
Kohl and Wazinger 1916:95 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Western Entrance of the Synagogue's Facade | Kohl and Wazinger 1916:95
Kohl and Wazinger 1916:95 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Eastern Entrance of the Synagogue's Facade | Kohl and Wazinger 1916:95
Kohl and Wazinger 1916:98 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Synagogue Facade from Inside- View from the North | Kohl and Wazinger 1916:98
Kohl and Wazinger 1916:99 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Northeast Corner Column and Pedestal from the Inner Northern Colonnade | Kohl and Wazinger 1916:99
Aviam 2002: 121. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Coins that were found beneath the Synagogue's Floor- Area B | Aviam 2002: 121. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Aviam 2002: 122. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The "Foundation Channel" at the Facade Wall- Area A | Aviam 2002: 122. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Aviam 2002: 122. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Ashlaras and an Architectural Item Integrated in the Synagogue's Eastern Wall Foundations | Aviam 2002: 122. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Western Console- size and location discrepancy Between the Console and the Lintel | Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Eastern Column of the Synagogue's Portico- Discrepancy Between the Column and the Pedestal. | Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Facade Wall is Adjusted to the Fragmented Frieze | Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Eastern Window- Discrepancy Between the Window's Threshold and The wall. | Aviam 2002: 124. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
© <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
A proposal for the reconstruction of the facade of the synagogue. Architectural elements found on-site are highlighted in color. Architectural planning by Amir Freudlich. All rights reserved to the Nature and Parks Authority, courtesy of Iosi Bordowicz |

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