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Ammudim

Other Name: Khirbet Ammudim
Religion: Jewish

Archaeological Evidences:

Period: Late Roman and/or Byzantine
Excavation: Excavated
Excavators: Heinrich Kohl and Carl Watzinger (1906) Israel Levine (1979)
Main Finds: Columns, benches and mosiac. One heart shaped pillar still standing.
Inscriptions: Aramaic (Levine 1982: 2, 8-9)
Mosaics: yes
Site Condition: Open to the public
Looking North-West. Gilead Peli all rights reserved

Geographic Details

Geographical Region: Lower Galilee
Longitude: 35.409147
Latitude: 32.815293
65, ישראל

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Selected Bibliography:

Selected Bibliography
  1. Levine, L.I "Excavations at Ḥurvat 'Ammudim" Qadmoniot: A Journal for the Antiquities of Eretz-Israel and Bible Lands 13, 1980: 107-110, (Hebrew).
  2. N., "An Aramaic Inscription at the Ancient Synagogue of Umm-el-'Amed" Bulletin of the Israel Exploration Society 19, 1955: 183-187, (Hebrew).
  3. Kohl, H. and Watzinger, C. Antike Synagogen in Galilaea. Leipzig, 1916: 71-79.
  4. Adan Bayewitz, D. "The Ceramics From the Synagogue of Horvat Ammudim and their Chronological Implications" Israel Exploration Journal 32(1), 1982: 13-31.
  5. Kohl, H. and Watzinger, C. Antike Synagogen in Galilaea. Leipzig, 1916: 71-79.
  6. Levine, L.I. "Excavations at Horvat ha-'Amudim" in Ancient Synagogues Revealed. ed. L.I. Levine, Jerusalem, 1981: 78-81.
  7. Levine, L.I. "Excavations at the Synagogue of Horvat 'Ammudim" Israel Exploration Journal 32, 1982: 1-12.
  8. Levine, L.I. "Horvat Amudim" The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Jerusalem, 1993: 55-56.

Photos:

Photos
General view - Gilead Peli all rights reserved © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
General view - Gilead Peli all rights reserved
Looking North-West. Gilead Peli all rights reserved © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Ammudim - a Capital and a Heart Shaped Column | Looking North-West. Gilead Peli all rights reserved
Looking east - Gilead Peli all rights reserved © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Looking east - Gilead Peli all rights reserved
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:71 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
View From Amuudim | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:71
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:73 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Main Door Lintel | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:73
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:73 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Side Door lintel | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:73
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:73 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Fragment of the Side Door | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:73
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:75 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Synagogue Excavations- View From the North | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:75
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:75 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Synagogue Excavations- View from the South | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:75
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:78 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Ionic Capitals | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:78
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:78 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Ionic Capitals | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:78
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:76 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Northwest Corner Pillar | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:76
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:74 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Side Door's Lintel on the Northeast Side of the Synagogue Ruins | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:74
Avigad 1955: Plate 12 Fig. 1 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Aramaic Inscription from Ammudim | Avigad 1955: Plate 12 Fig. 1
Avigad 1955: 184. Corutesy of Israel Exploration Fund © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Aramaic Inscription | Avigad 1955: 184. Corutesy of Israel Exploration Fund
Levine 1980: 108. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
General View of the Synagogue- Looking North | Levine 1980: 108. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Levine 1980: 109. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Area E- The Western Aisle Mosaic Floor with an Inscription | Levine 1980: 109. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Levine 1980: 110. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Area D- The Northern-Western Corner of the Synagogue Where the Coins were Discovered | Levine 1980: 110. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Levine 1980: 110. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Lion Relief on the Main Entrance Lintel | Levine 1980: 110. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.

Plans and Drawings:

Plans
Kohl and Watzinger 1916: Tafel X © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Kohl and Watzinger 1916: Tafel X
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:72 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Plan of the Synagogue Ruins | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:72
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:72 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Pilaster Capital and Cornice of The Middle Gate-Section | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:72
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:74 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Reconstruction of The Main Door | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:74
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:76 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Column- Pedestal, Basis and Shaft | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:76
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:76 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
The Capital of the Northwest Corner Pillar- Sketch | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:76
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:77 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Inoic Capitals- Side View Skecth | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:77
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:79 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Doric Capital | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:79
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:79 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Doric Capital | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:79
Kohl and Watzinger 1916:79 © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Doric Capitals | Kohl and Watzinger 1916:79
Foerster 1972: 40. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Plan | Foerster 1972: 40. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.
Levine 1980: 108. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society. © <i> synagogues.kinneret.ac.il </i>
Plan and Excavations Area | Levine 1980: 108. Courtesy of the Israel Exploration Society.

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